Five paintings were stolen from Paris’s Musée d’Art Moderne in 2010. The museum names works by Picasso, Matisse, Braque, Modigliani and Léger. Modigliani’s Woman with a Fan, shown here, is one of them: its quiet presence is the opposite of the noisy story of its disappearance.

We place this above Rotterdam because the loss cut across a permanent public collection. The Mona Lisa comes higher for worldwide cultural impact. Five famous names are not a price index; they explain how one theft can remove several distinct approaches to modern painting.

Source: Musée d’Art Moderne.

Image: Amedeo Modigliani · Public domain. Resized and recompressed; original rights retained.