Eisenhower helped secure the 1953 Korean armistice and backed the Interstate Highway System. These are concrete achievements in ending fighting and building infrastructure. Covert interventions in Iran and Guatemala weigh against his record.

His crisis restraint puts him above Truman. Theodore Roosevelt takes the higher place for a more ambitious reform agenda. The choice is close: valuing careful stewardship over sweeping change would move Eisenhower upward.

Sources: Miller Center · Term dates.

Image: White House · Public domain. Resized and JPEG compressed.