Conwy takes sixth as our clearest lesson in medieval fortification. Eight towers and the relationship between royal apartments and defensive walls make the plan worth studying. It beats Chambord for a visitor prioritising how a castle works as a fortress, but Edinburgh offers a broader interior experience.

Cadw flags a steep entrance approach and steps. Check its access guidance before booking. Separate the castle from the adjoining town walls: an October 2026 closure affects a section of the latter, so do not assume you can walk every wall shown on a map.

Sources: Official guide.

Photo: Tilman2007 · CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized/compressed.